In our year-long look back at the Cortina d’Ampezzo 1956 Winter Olympics, we take to the slopes of the Tofane in the Dolomites to explore the Alpine skiing competition. Although lack of snow was an issue for this event, competitors got to use new technology in the form of automatic starting gates that improved timing accuracy in the sport.
Men and women each competed in three events: downhill, slalom and giant slalom. Competition kicked off the day after the Opening Ceremony.
Cortina 1956 Winter Olympics: The men’s Alpine skiing competition
Austrian Toni Sailer, skiing in his only Olympics, thrilled spectators and defied pundits with his fearless skiing and dashing good looks. The first athlete to ever win all three Alpine events in a single Olympics, Sailer became the hero of these Games. His dominant win continues to be the largest margin of victory in Olympic Alpine skiing in both men’s and women’s competition.
Sailer also became a national hero in his homeland, and while he did not have a long international competitive career, he was a giant in Austrian Alpine skiing and was named the country’s Athlete of the Century.
Although skiing made him famous, Sailer became an actor and singer, which perpetuated his fame throughout Austria. Check out his work as James Bond’s (George Lazenby) stunt double in On Her Majesty’s Secret Service:
While Toni Sailer enthralled Olympics fans, he wasn’t the only story of the men’s Alpine skiing competition. Japan scored its first-ever Winter Olympic medal thanks to Chiharu Igaya’s efforts in the slalom, a competition where 32 of the 89 entrants did not finish or were disqualified. Igaya’s sharp skiing netted him a silver medal, which is Japan’s only Alpine skiing Olympic medal to date.
Mother Nature had a thing or two to say during Cortina 1956’s Alpine skiing competition. Weather wreaked havoc on the downhill as well, taking 28 competitors out before Sailer could miraculously overcome a broken ski issue to claim the gold.
Cortina 1956 Winter Olympics: The women’s Alpine skiing competition
The women’s Alpine skiing competition was full of surprises, particularly for those who drew bib #1. German Rosa “Ossi” Reichert was a surprise winner in the giant slalom, who laid down the competition’s best run wearing bib #1. Twenty-three-year-old pharmacy student Renee Colliard from Switzerland won gold in the slalom. A surprise to make the Swiss national team, Colliard was competing in her first-ever international competition. She too was wearing bib #1 and nailed the course on her two runs.
Switzerland also claimed victory in the downhill, and for winner Madeleine Berthod (who was not wearing bib #1), it was a happy birthday indeed. The downhill also proved to be special for Canada’s Lucile Wheeler, who got Canada’s first Alpine Olympic medal.
Ties to Cortina 1956
The Olympics aren’t all about the podiums, however, and when Cortina hosted the women’s Alpine skiing events during the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics, some amazing Alpine skiing-related stories came to light. These include 93-year-old Jakobína Jakobsdóttir’s return to Cortina. Iceland’s first female Winter Olympics competitor wanted to revisit her Olympic moment during the 2026 Games, and her family helped make that happen.
Milano Cortina 2026 was also the fourth Winter Olympics for Maryna Gąsienica-Daniel of Poland, who was the fourth member of her family to compete at Cortina. In 1956, her great aunt Maria Gąsienica Daniel-Szatkowska raced in all 3 Alpine events. Great aunt Helena Gąsienica Daniel competed in cross-country skiing, and great uncle Andrzej Gąsienica Daniel competed in ski jumping.
Sources
Baldwin, Alan. “Alpine skiing-Poland’s Gasienica-Daniel follows family footsteps in Cortina.” Feb. 4, 2026. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://www.reuters.com/sports/alpine-skiing-polands-gasienica-daniel-follows-family-footsteps-cortina-2026-02-04/
Brinkerhoff, Don. “A Utah competitor, Marvin Melville, remembers 1956 Cortina Winter Games.” KSL Newsradio 102.7FM. Jan 19, 2026. Updated Jan 20, 2026. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://kslnewsradio.com/sports/cortina-1956-melville/2276575/
Canadian Olympic Committee. “Lucile Wheeler.” Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://olympic.ca/team-canada/lucile-wheeler/
CBC Sports. “1956 Cortina d’Ampezzo, Italy” De 1, 2009, updated Dec 18, 2009. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://www.cbc.ca/sports/2.722/1956-cortina-d-ampezzo-italy-1.864041
FIS. “‘Family spirit’ guiding Gasienica-Daniel in Cortina Olympic Games.” Feb. 13, 2026. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://www.fis-ski.com/alpine-skiing/news/2025-26/-family-spirit-guiding-gasienica-daniel-in-cortina-olympic-games
Greenspan, Bud. Frozen in Time: The Greatest Moments at the Winter Olympics.1997.
Hahnenkamm.com. “Jubilee: 60 years of Winter Olympics in Cortina d’Ampezzo.” Jan 19, 2016. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://hahnenkamm.com/en/news/jubilee-60-years-of-winter-olympics-in-cortina-dampezzo/
History.com Editors. “Winter Olympics Technology.” Published Feb. 2, 2010. Updated Jan. 21, 2026. Accessed Mar. 24, 2026. https://www.history.com/articles/winter-olympics-technology
International Olympic Committee. “Cortina D’Ampezzo 1956: Olympic Winter Games Add Lustre to the Queen of the Dolomites.” Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://www.olympics.com/ioc/legacy/cortina-dampezzo-1956
Nichols, Paula. “Then and Now: Winter Olympics ready to return to Cortina after 70 years.” Canadian Olympic Committee. Feb. 5, 2025. Accessed Mar. 24, 2026. https://olympic.ca/2025/02/05/then-and-now-winter-olympics-ready-to-return-to-cortina-after-70-years/
Olympedia. Alpine Skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics, and individual race pages. Accessed Mar. 24, 2026. https://www.olympedia.org/editions/35/sports/ALP
Olympics.com. “Colliard’s stylish slalom surprise.” Jan 29, 1956. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://www.olympics.com/en/news/colliard-s-stylish-slalom-surprise
Olympics.com. “Madeleine Berthod.” Accessed Mar. 24, 2026. https://www.olympics.com/en/athletes/madeleine-berthod
Pinelli, Brian. “Remembering The Olympic Athletes Who Dominated Cortina 70 Years Ago.” Powder. Jan. 28, 2026. Accessed Mar. 24, 2026. https://www.powder.com/skiers/cortina-olympics-1956-skiing-medals
Poggi, Alessandro. “Iceland’s 93-year-old skiing pioneer Jakobína Jakobsdóttir returns to Cortina 70 years on: ‘I feel lucky’.” Olympics.com. Feb 18, 2026. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://www.olympics.com/en/milano-cortina-2026/news/iceland-93-year-old-skiing-pioneer-jakobina-jakobsdottir-returns-cortina
Der Spiegel. Skilegende Toni Sailer ist tot: Aug 25, 2009. Accessed Mar 25, 2026: https://www.spiegel.de/sport/sonst/oesterreich-skilegende-toni-sailer-ist-tot-a-644776.html
Snowbrains.com “The 10 Greatest Alpine Skiers of All Time”. Schneemann, Julia. Feb 23, 2025. UpdatedMar 19, 2026. Accessed Mar 25, 2026. https://snowbrains.com/the-10-greatest-alpine-skiers-of-all-time/
Waxman, Olivia B. “The Most Memorable Moments of the Last Winter Olympics in Cortina.” Time. Feb 4, 2026. Accessed Mar. 24, 2026. https://time.com/7345680/winter-olympics-cortina-history/
Weiss, Michele. “Look to the past: Toni Sailer, Austria’s brightest Alpine star.” Olympics.com. Nov 17, 2021. Accessed Mar 24, 2026. https://www.olympics.com/en/news/look-to-the-past-toni-sailer-austria-s-brightest-alpine-star
Photo: Wikimedia Commons via Picryl. Public Domain.
TRANSCRIPT
Note: This is an uncorrected machine-generated transcript and may contain errors. Please check its accuracy against the audio. Do not quote from the transcript; use the audio as the record of note.
Cortina 1956 Winter Olympics – Episode 3 – Alpine Skiing
Jill Jaracz: [00:00:00] Hello and welcome to another history episode of Keep, the Flame Alive, the podcast for fans of the Olympics and Paralympics. If you love the games, we are the show for you all year long. We are looking at the Cortina Dem peso. 1956 Winter Olympics, as that is the historical games that you, the listeners have chosen for us to cover and look back on.
So every month we will feature a new story from those games. I’m your host, Jill Jaracz, along with my lovely co-host, Alison Brown. Alison Pun journal. How are you?
Alison Brown: I’m Jo. Yes. Come. I think that’s a perfect, I’m excited. For the competition stories now.
Jill Jaracz: Oh, how come?
Alison Brown: No, because it’s, it’s so interesting to see how competition is still the same in so many ways, even with all the differences in technology and differences in equipment and differences in what countries are on top.
[00:01:00] But competition is competition. Yeah. And the Olympics are the Olympics and that’s the, the core of it. So to get into that is, is gonna be fun.
Jill Jaracz: Yes. So, we’re talking about the Cortina 1956 Alpine competition today that consisted of six events, three for men, three for women, and comparatively at Milano Cortina.
- Men and women each had five events in Alpine. So we’ve expanded since then. it’s interesting how that’s worked out. lack of snow. Big issue in 2026. Lack of snow. Big issue in Corina 1956.
Alison Brown: Really
Jill Jaracz: huge lack of snow. It was very warm. uh, this really hampered the alpine events.
So sunny days made ski run softer and they had Italian troops in to truck snow from colder areas to make sure the slopes were, the slopes were doable for the skiers. it was also the debut of automatic starting gates in [00:02:00] alpine skiing. So we had a visual signal and a buzzer going on with our automatic start gates that the visual signal looked like a traffic light.
And that e figure that triggered the official start time. And then there was, uh, sounded a buzzer. So you had like a half second to a second after the buzzer started to actually get onto the course. that was a big, big deal to improve the technology at the Olympics.
Make
Alison Brown: it more precise.
Jill Jaracz: Yes. So competition kicked off with the giant slalom, which was just the second games for this event. women’s giant slalom took place on January 27th with the men’s competition two days later. And then both giant slalom cont competitions consisted of just one run.
And today they are two runs. So a little bit harder to win in giant slalom. One run and, and you’re done. So on the women’s side, it was a cloudy day with hard snow. The surprise victory went to Rosa Aussie ert a [00:03:00] German, who had gotten silver and slalom in Oslo, 1952. But by 1956 she was recovering from a severe ankle injury.
She wore bib number one, laid down the best time of the day on bib number one.
Alison Brown: Very unusual.
Jill Jaracz: Yes. she beat Austrian Josephine. Puty Fondle by 1.3 seconds. And then Taya Ner from Austria came in third, Andrea Mead. Lawrence, an American who was a double gold medalist at Oslo 1952. She missed the giant solemn podium by one 10th of a second.
She retired after Cortina 1956 as the first American to have gotten two Olympic gold medals. in Alpine skiing, the only other two Americans who have accomplished this feat. Can you guess,
Alison Brown: are we saying women or men? Both.
Jill Jaracz: Both. Both. Only American
Alison Brown: with two gold medals
Jill Jaracz: in the, I don’t know. Uh, that would be. Ted Ligety. [00:04:00] Oh, Ted Ligety, hot Diggity. And Michaela Schiffrin,
Alison Brown: of course,
Jill Jaracz: who now has three goals. She’s the first American to ever have three goals in Alpine skiing. Nice. The men’s giant slalom was the only event not held at skier ski area, toe. It took place on Monte f Fall.
Lauria, which overlooked Cortina on a course that required the 95 skiers in the competition to traverse 71 gates compared to 2022. I didn’t have the 26 numbers. 2022 there were 49 gates.
Alison Brown: Yeah, I was gonna say that sounds a lot.
Jill Jaracz: So Austrian and Malter who wore bib number six was the early leader. The crowd mobbed him when he was done thinking that the cold was his.
But Mulder Molder said, wait and see. Tony Sailor is still coming.
Alison Brown: Oh boy.
Jill Jaracz: And people had discounted Tony Sailor because Tony Sailor’s another [00:05:00] Austrian. He had broken his leg a few years earlier. Many skiers thought he’d never be able to race again. But er his teammate, friend and rival. Knew that Sailor had the right body type for skiing and mulcher was right.
Not to celebrate too early because Sailor who was wearing BIB number 18, was living up to his nickname. He was from Kits Fuel and he was called the Blitz from Kits for a reason, and he. Wearing what looked like a normal winter cap on this slow run. And, and in the downhill they seemed to wear padded helmets, but they were like leather helmets, so right.
It’s still not a huge amount of protection. Uh, the 21-year-old sailor finished 6.2 seconds faster than Moer.
Alison Brown: That is a lifetime.
Jill Jaracz: Yes.
Alison Brown: In in skiing. Six seconds.
Jill Jaracz: Yes. That’s the most dominant win in Olympic alpine skiing [00:06:00] history. Still the largest margin of victory in Alpine men or women.
Alison Brown: Wow. Yeah. Usually you see six seconds between like first and 50th, you know?
Yeah. You know, those kind of times of, of the skiers who are just there to, to participate, not really compete at at the highest level, but six seconds between first and second man. Yes. That is. Is dominant
Jill Jaracz: and then getting bronze for the very first podium. Sweep in Alpine was Austrian. Walter Schuster, who finished 7.1 seconds behind Sailor.
So unbelievable. A lot of firsts with this one. Uh, next up we have slalom. So on the women’s side, it was gonna be a really tough race. The weather was snowy, it was very cold, and the cold, the snow iced over. So the run was very fast. And in fact, 13 of the 48 skaters did not finish or were disqualified. And, 23-year-old pharmacy student, Renee Collier from Switzerland, [00:07:00] who took a break from school to train for like four months and managed to make her first national team ahead of the games. she was wearing bib number one in her first international race. Nailed the co course on both of her runs. Finished first both runs.
Nobody could pull off a faster time. She won by a three second margin. And Regina ship from Austria got the silver and Yev Guinea Rova, who had finished 40th in the giant slalom. She’s from Soviet Union. She got the Soviet Union’s first and only Olympic medal in Alpine skiing.
Alison Brown: Wow. Yeah. It’s interesting at this time because as international is, is the sport is they probably don’t know a heck of a lot about each other.
Right, because it’s not like races are broadcast all around the world in different countries or you’re getting film of other people or, [00:08:00] I, I just don’t think that’s how it was done. You trained as best you could in your little bubble and then you ended up coming to these international races and that’s when you saw your competition.
Yeah. And that’s when you would discover people.
Jill Jaracz: And how, how big was the circuit? How many people did the circuit? If you were American, did you just ski in America and maybe went to Europe every once in a while? How it worked, I’m not exactly sure, but, uh, that was the only Olympic race that Collier did.
She was one and done, got her gold medal, was out, went back to school and finished her pharmacy degree. Good for her. Uh, in the men’s slalom, the mountain won again.
Alison Brown: Oh no,
Jill Jaracz: 32 of the 89 skiers disqualified or did not finish. Tony Sailor got to the race late. Legend has it. He did not wake up on time, but that seemed to be not a problem because once again he cruised to victory.
Beating Japan’s Chiru I by four [00:09:00] seconds over the two rounds. Uh, STIG Salander from Sweden who was competing in his third and final Olympics. He got the bronze, uh, IGAs Silver was Japan’s first winter Olympic medal and it remains their only alpine skiing medal.
Alison Brown: I was going to say, was this a time when Japan partici was, was more active in Alpine?
’cause here you hear Japan in ski jump is kind of their big. or some of the freestyle, but not alpine. So that still, that was true back then too, that that was unusual.
Jill Jaracz: Yeah. downhill was the last of our races, and the course was really rough at this point. So the army was covering it with snow and pine needles, which made for a tough, bumpy run for Switzerland’s, Madeline Bertol.
It was also Happy Birthday. She won gold on her birthday with a 4.7 second margin over silver medalist teammate Frida Danzer, and uh, that margin was four times larger than any other woman’s in Olympic downhill history.
Alison Brown: [00:10:00] If four seconds in a downhill again, a lifetime.
Jill Jaracz: Yes. Uh, Lucy Wheeler of Canada came in third.
That was Canada’s first Alpine Olympic medal, and she was also the first North American to win a medal in an Olympic downhill event. She later would be one of the Olympic flag bearers at Calgary 1988 in the opening ceremony.
Alison Brown: Oh, good for her. Makes sense that she was historical in, in her own right.
Jill Jaracz: Yes.
And then on the men’s side, mountain and Mother Nature were winning. Again, it, it was a really tough, it sounded pretty bad and, and, uh. Not dissimilar for what we had, right.
Alison Brown: What
Jill Jaracz: we
Alison Brown: saw too. One day it was one day it was snowing. The next day it was incredibly warm, and then the next day it would freeze over and it would be all bumpy.
And yeah, they had a rough go of it both in the Olympics and in the Paralympics.
Jill Jaracz: Uh, it was cloudy and misty in 1956 at the summit with hard snow. So, again, we had one of those where they were skiing into. [00:11:00] Nothing. Remember that last day of Yes. Uh, para alpine, where we’re like, where are the people
Alison Brown: you had fog and then they would disappear.
And where, where did the skier go?
Jill Jaracz: Yeah. So this sounded like it was similar to 1956, um, of the 75 competitors who started the nearly 3.5 kilometer course, which is comparable today. Today. 28 did not finish. Including a giant slalom, bronze medalist, Walter Schuster and Slalom silver medalist Chiru iga.
one of the ones who did not finish was American Marvin Melville, who got halfway down and hit a road. I don’t know what that meant, but that’s what he said. I hit a road, skis broke, bindings fell out, and that was it.
Alison Brown: Wow.
Jill Jaracz: And you’re talking, and I believe the skis were wooden back then too, so we’re totally different technology for skis.
Um, American Bud Warner also fell during the race. He got back up, continued, got back up, and continued racing and. [00:12:00]
Alison Brown: On half of a wooden ski and
Jill Jaracz: one pole, and, but he finished 11th. You know, it was just amazing to me because we see people wipe out today and they’re done usually because there’s wipe out so far.
But I, I’m thinking that, you know. The gates were far apart or just the, the combination of wood skis and wax and snow and lack of snow just meant like you fell down and didn’t move and you could just kick back up and go. So, even Cortina, 1956 star 20 sailor had issues. His binding strap broke, ahead of the race.
So he skied on a replacement that an Italian train her gave him, and his coach was so worried that it, he kept slapping sailor on the shoulder and repeating. Don’t be nervous. Don’t be nervous, which of course,
Alison Brown: which is the only way to make somebody really nervous.
Jill Jaracz: Well, uh, made sailor wanna hit him. That’s what I found out.[00:13:00]
Alison Brown: I’m gonna slap you in the face if you keep doing this.
Jill Jaracz: Yeah. So, uh, during the race, sailor almost fell. He managed to stay upright and he beat Swiss skier Raymond Filet by 3.5 seconds, and Andre Molterer won the bronze and his second medal at the games. So it was a hat trick for Tony Sailor. He became the first athlete to win all three Alpine skiing events.
A feat that would not be repeated until 1968 when Jean-Claude Keeley dominated the Gran Noble Winter Olympics, and sailor, was the most successful athlete of Cortina in 1956, became a national hero in Austria. Uh, surprisingly, he retired just a couple seasons later with 170 major wins, three Olympic Golds, seven world championship titles.
It took until 2019. For that seven World Championships record to be broken. And that was by, Marcel, uh, Herscher, beat that record. And, uh, [00:14:00] another claim to fame, Tony Sailor, decided he wanted to get into showbiz, so he ended up going to like acting school.
And he, One of the claim to fames that he racked up along with being in met several movies. He was a Jane Bond stunt double for George Lazenby in on Her Majesty’s Secret Service. So he, when, if you go back and watch that Jane Bond movie and watch the ski bits, that’s Tony Saylor doing the skiing.
Alison Brown: That is a fantastic little piece of trivia there.
Jill Jaracz: Um, was also a well-known singer, an actor in Austria. I asked my friend Sabrina, who you met. Yes. Uh, I said, uh, random Austrian question was Tony Saylor very popular in Legendary in Austria. And she goes, yes. So, so
Alison Brown: let me, let me ask you, how do you spell sailor?
Jill Jaracz: Um, S-A-I-L-E-R.
Alison Brown: Okay. I’m just curious if people wanna look him up.
That,
Jill Jaracz: that’s, that,
Alison Brown: that’s the spelling.
Jill Jaracz: Yes. so he’s got a ton of pop albums. I’ll put in the [00:15:00] show notes. I’ll have a, a link to at least one tune that he did. He was also the race director for the legendary HA and com races in sbu, and uh, was named Austria’s Athlete of the Century in 1999 in, so people
Alison Brown: adored him
Jill Jaracz: in
Alison Brown: Austria?
Jill Jaracz: Yes. Oh my gosh. He’s a
Alison Brown: legend.
Jill Jaracz: It’s so big and this is one of those names that we just don’t know. We just don’t remember. Obviously if you’re in Austria and May and also big in the ski world, you know who Tony Saylor is, but just. The greatness. This man is over the, the history of skiing is really, really interesting.
Alison Brown: And Hollywood.
Jill Jaracz: Yeah. And, and Hollywood.
Alison Brown: Who knew?
Jill Jaracz: So, uh, uh, sadly, Tony Sailor is no longer with us. He passed away in 2009 from cancer.
Alison Brown: but he certainly lived a life, man. My goodness. Oh gosh,
Jill Jaracz: yes. Yeah. It’s just incredible how legendary and good looking, [00:16:00] everything. Of course, he had the whole package, whole package.
2026 note. I have a couple of. 2026 tie-ins to this. So, Jaina Yasir from Iceland wasn’t a factor in the medals in 1956, but she was the first Icelandic woman to compete at a Winter Olympics. And this year she was 93 years old and went to the Women’s Giant Slalom at Milano Cortina 2026. I know.
This was got me so bad, uh, with her daughter and grandson. She brought her 1956 racing bib with her as well as a commemorative medal. And then the family found a store in Cortina that was displaying the 1956 Icelandic flag. From back then that maybe the store had just on hand, it was just part of the celebration.
So they stopped in the store and talked to everybody. It [00:17:00] was just really, really special. Um, ‘
Alison Brown: cause there were a whole lot of banners that we saw of. Corina celebrating host City 1956 and 2026. They were celebrating those connections and lots of stores had displays of 1956 memorabilia or pictures or things from that era.
So it was acknowledged and, and focused on in the town.
Jill Jaracz: Yeah. And a really cool thing when we were there to see that tie to history and that it just, you felt how special those games were to Cortina.
Alison Brown: Yes.
Jill Jaracz: As well. And so it was really nice to that. You listeners chose this, games for us to do. ’cause it’s been really, uh, it’s already been fun to think back on that.
Another fun family note. and I’m probably gonna butcher this name, uh, marina Gica Daniel from Poland, who skied in her fourth Winter Olympics at Milano Cortina 2026. She’s an Alpine skier. Uh, she got an Olympic career [00:18:00] best finished of seventh in the giant slalom. She was the fourth member of her family to compete at Cortina.
At Cortina 1956, her great aunt Maria g Gia, Nika, Daniel, Koska, raced in all three Alpine events. Another great Aunt Helena competed in CrossCountry skiing and her great uncle Andre competed in Ski Jump.
Alison Brown: My goodness. They were busy,
Jill Jaracz: but that’s not all. Marina’s. Great. Uncle Joseph competed at GR Noble, 1968 in Nordic combined, and her sister, ESKA, also an alpine skier, competed in Vancouver 2010.
I understand from that. He’s been
Alison Brown: busy.
Jill Jaracz: They’re from a small. Winter sports town and she’s like, sports is the only thing you have to do. So, yeah.
Alison Brown: Well, well even still, that’s quite a family tree there.
Jill Jaracz: Yeah, exactly. So that also a very cool tie between Milano Cortina 26 [00:19:00] and 1956. So this was a lot of fun to look at and to see how huge a deal back then.
And today the stars are for an Olympic Games. sources for this, Reuters. KLSL News Radio 1 0 2 7 fm. The Canadian Olympic Committee, CBC Sports, the international Federation of Skiing Bud Screen. Bud Greenspan’s book, frozen in Time, the Greatest Moments at the Winter Olympics. hot and com.com.
history.com. The International Olympic Committee, Canadian Olympic Committee, o Edia, uh, olympics.com powder. And Dear Spiegel, snow brains.com and Time Magazine
Alison Brown: and a little town in Poland.
Jill Jaracz: Yes. Right. So that’ll do it for this month, next month, we will be looking at the bobsled competition.
Alison Brown: Oh, I am so ready [00:20:00] for this.
Jill Jaracz: So I am so excited too, because they’re again, legendary. People involved with this. Huge heroes from Italy, and so we will be digging into that. Make sure you tune in. Thank you so much for listening,
Alison Brown: and until next time, keep the flame alive.